Asphalt
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Asphalt General
(1) A dark brown or black substance found in a natural state or, more commonly, left as a residue after evaporating or otherwise processing crude oil or petroleum. Asphalt may be further refined to conform to various roofing grade specifications: Dead-Level Asphalt: a roofing asphalt conforming to the requirements of ASTM Specification D 312, Type I. Flat Asphalt: a roofing asphalt conforming to the requirements of ASTM Specification D 312, Type II. Steep Asphalt: a roofing asphalt conforming to the requirements of ASTM Specification D 312, Type III. Special Steep Asphalt: a roofing asphalt conforming to the requirements of ASTM Specification D 312, Type IV.
(2) A dark brown to black, highly viscous, hydrocarbon produced from the residue left after the distillation of petroleum. Asphalt is used on roofs and highways as a waterproofing agent.
(3) A dark brown to black bituminous sticky substance, solid or semisolid in consistency, found in natural beds and also obtained as a residue in petroleum refining. It consists chiefly of hydrocarbons. The principal ingredient in asphalt mastics.
Air Blown, Blown Asphalt
Produced by blowing air through molten asphalt held at an elevated temperature, to raise the asphalt’s softening point and modify other properties.
Asphalt Felt
An asphalt-saturated and/or an asphalt-coated felt. (See Felt.)
Asphalt Primer
See Primer.
Asphalt Roof Cement
(1)A trowelable mixture of solvent-based bitumen, mineral stabilizers, other fibers and/or fillers. Classified by ASTM Standard D 2822-91 Asphalt Roof Cement, and D 4586-92 Asphalt Roof Cement, Asbestos-Free, Types I and II. Type I is generally referred to as plastic cement, and is made from asphalt characterized as self-sealing, adhesive and ductile, and conforming to ASTM Specification D 312, Type I; Specification D 449, Types I or II; or Specification D 946. (See Plastic Cement and Flashing Cement.) Type II is generally referred to as vertical-grade flashing cement, and is made from asphalt characterized by a high softening point and relatively low ductility, and conforming to the requirement of ASTM Specification D 312, Types II or III; or Specification D 449, Type III. (See Plastic Cement and Flashing Cement.)
(2)The proper name for Plastic Cement and Flashing Cement. Asphalt roof cement consists of solvent-based bitumen, mineral stabilizers, and other fibers (sometimes asbestos). Asphalt roof cement is categorized by ASTM standard D 2822-91 (1997) or for non-asbestos, ASTM standard D 4586-93.
- Plastic Cement is for use on low-slope surfaces, conforms to ASTM Specification D 312, Type I; Specification D 449, Types I or II; or Specification D 946. Plastic Cement is self-sealing, adhesive and ductile and is classified by ASTM Standard D 2822-91 Asphalt Roof Cement, and D 4586-92 Asphalt Roof Cement, Asbestos-Free, Types I and II.
- Flashing Cement can be used on vertical surfaces and has a high softening point, low ductility and conforms to the requirement of ASTM Specification D 312, Types II or III; or Specification D 449, Type III.
Dead-Level Asphalt
A roofing asphalt conforming to the requirements of ASTM Specification D 312, Type I. This asphalt is for use in roofs which do not exceed a ¼ in 12 slope (2%).
Flat Asphalt
A roofing asphalt conforming to the requirements of ASTM Specification D 312, Type II. This asphalt is for use in roofs which do not exceed a ½ in 12 slope (4%).
Steep Asphalt
A roofing asphalt conforming to the requirements of ASTM Specification D 312, Type III. This asphalt is for use in roofs which do not exceed a 3 in 12 slope (25%).
Special Steep Asphalt
A roofing asphalt conforming to the requirements of ASTM Specification D 312, Type IV. This asphalt is for use in roofs which do not exceed a 6 in 12 slope (50%).